![]() The United States government established the Tongue River Indian Reservation, which consisted of 371,200 acres (1,502 km 2) of land, under the executive order given by President Chester A. The Northern Cheyenne were allies of the Lakota in the Black Hills War of 1876–1877. In the early 1880s, many families began to migrate south to the Tongue River watershed area and established homesteads in the northern edge of the Powder River Basin, which they considered their natural home. The Northern Cheyenne briefly settled around Fort Keogh ( Miles City, Montana). In desperation, a small band left the reservation and headed north in 1878, an odyssey that came to be known as the Northern Cheyenne Exodus. Unable to acclimate swiftly to the heat of western Oklahoma ( Indian Territory at the time), having to grow their food instead of hunting or gathering as were their ways, and the brutal conditions in the barracks where they were held, the northerners quickly began dying. Following the Black Hills War and earlier conflicts in Colorado (see Sand Creek Massacre and Washita Massacre), the Northern Cheyenne were forcibly moved to Oklahoma and restricted to lands of their southern relatives. The Northern Cheyenne are related to the Southern Cheyenne, who are located in Oklahoma. Labre Indian School, and the Ashland Powwow are sites of special interest in the Ashland area. Ī historical buffalo jump, burial sites of Cheyenne chiefs and spiritual leaders, the site of Custer's last camp before the Battle of the Little Bighorn, the Cheyenne Indian Museum, Ten Bears Gallery, St. This spiritual perspective is evident in traditional communities like Lame Deer and Birney and when the 2006 vote on development coal and coalbed methane on the reservation split along modernist vs traditional lines. Numerous Cheyenne work as foresters and fire fighters. Traditional Cheyenne spiritual culture, like most traditional Indigenous spiritual ways, values the peoples' connection to their landbase, and sees the land itself, as well as special sites like Bear Butte, as sacred. Members of the Crow Nation also live on the reservation. Slightly more than a quarter of the population five years or older spoke a language other than English. Its timbered ridges that extend into northwestern South Dakota are part of Custer National Forest and it is approximately 40 miles (64 km) east of the site of the 1876 Battle of the Little Bighorn.Īccording to tribal enrollment figures as of March 2013, there were approximately 12,266 enrolled tribal members, of which about 6,012 were residing on the reservation, with approximately 91% of the population Native American (full or part blood quantum) and 72.8% identifying as Cheyenne. There are small parcels of non-contiguous off-reservation trust lands in Meade County, South Dakota, northeast of the city of Sturgis. The reservation is bounded on the east by the Tongue River and on the west by the Crow Reservation. The tribal and government headquarters are located in Lame Deer, also the home of the annual Northern Cheyenne pow wow. Located in southeastern Montana, the reservation is approximately 690 square miles (1,800 km 2) in size and home to approximately 6,000 Cheyenne people. The Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation ( Cheyenne: Tsėhéstáno formerly named the Tongue River) is the federally recognized Northern Cheyenne tribe.
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